Only 144 years ago, the Italian geoscientist Antonio Stoppani incidentally contemplated the term “Anthropocene” for a new, geochronological era on earth for the first time. It is supposed to comprise the period in which man became one of the most influencing factors on the biological, geological and atmospheric process on earth. In 2008, the stratigraphic commission of the Geological Society of London found convincing arguments for the thesis that the interglacial period with stable climatic conditions which is described as Holocene is reaching its end and has entered a stratigraphic interval “without close parallel in the last several million years”. The increase in the production of greenhouse gases, the man-made landscape changes, the extent of which considerably exceeds the natural annual sediment production in the meantime, the acidification of the oceans as well as the continuous destruction of biota play a role here.